Alkanes and alkenes
4.19 Some saturated hydrocarbons
4.19- 4.21 Activity 1. From one to ten
Use the first 3 minutes and 20 seconds of video here to help you answer the questions below:
- Why are alkanes regarded as saturated hydrocarbons?
- How many covalent bonds do a carbon atom need to form in order to become stable?
- What is methane also known as?
- What is methane used for?
- What is the formula for ethane?
- What is the formula of pentane?
- And Decane?
- what is the general formula for the alkanes?
- The alkanes are regarded as saturated hydrocarbons because they only have single bonds between their carbon atoms.
- A carbon atom need to form four bonds in order to become stable?
- Methane also known as natural gas
- Methane is used for heating and cooking
- The formula for ethane is C2H6
- The formula of pentane is C5H12
- The formula of Decane is C10H22
- The general formula for the alkanes is CnH2n+2
4.22 Activity 2. Time for a substitution
Students should:
- 4.22 describe the reactions of alkanes with halogens in the presence of ultraviolet radiation, limited to mono-substitution knowledge of reaction mechanisms is not required
Here we look at the way alkanes react with halogens ( for example Chlorine Cl2). When chlorine is mixed with methane ( CH4 ) nothing happens until the mixture is irradiated with ultraviolet radiation.
Study the animation before answering the questions below:
- Use the animation to construct an equation for the reaction shown
- What does the ultraviolet radiation do to the chlorine molecule?
- What is the name of the two products?
- Why is this process called substitution?
- Write an equation for the reaction.
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